学习与实践

人工智能的产业化扩张强化了“AI创造价值”的叙事，对劳动价值论构成挑战。基于马克思主义政治经济学批判，价值实体仍由抽象劳动规定，价值量仍以社会必要劳动时间为尺度，人工智能改变的只是劳动组织与价值实现结构。通过重构价值运动链，可将数据、标注、训练、部署与平台收费等过程区分为价值创造、价值实现与价值分配三个层面。分析表明，在资本主义条件下，人工智能通过压缩社会必要劳动时间强化相对剩余价值生产，通过劳动碎片化和边界模糊延长实质劳动时间更新绝对剩余价值的榨取方式；平台资本则凭借通道与数据壁垒，推动价值实现租金化并形成垄断占有。由此，人工智能时代劳动价值论的关键任务，是在技术表象下揭示劳动遮蔽、价值尺度重组与平台权力扩张之间的内在关系。

The industrial expansion of artificial intelligence has reinforced the narrative that "AI creates value",posing a challenge to the labor theory of value. Based on Marx′s critique of political economy,the substance of value remains determined by abstract labor,and the magnitude of value continues to be measured by socially necessary labor time. What AI changes is merely the organization of labor and the structure of value realization. By constructing a value movement chain,the processes of data generation,annotation,training and deployment,and platform monetization can be analytically distinguished into three levels:value creation,value realization,and value distribution. The analysis shows that,under capitalism,AI on the one hand intensifies the production of relative surplus value by compressing socially necessary labor time,and on the other hand extends the actual labor time through the fragmentation and blurring of labor boundaries,thereby renewing the extraction mode of absolute surplus value. Platforms,leveraging their control over access channels and data,drive the rentalization of value realization and establish monopolistic appropriation. Therefore,the key task of labor value theory in the era of AI is to reveal the inherent relationship between labor concealment,value scale reorganization,and platform power expansion beneath the surface of technology.