学习与实践

数据要素市场化的价值实现依赖于数据高效流通，但现行制度体系难以统筹其与数据保护的关系。权属规则模糊致使市场主体因责任边界不清而不敢流通；安全风险泛化引发信任缺失，导致不愿流通；竞争秩序失序使数据资源被垄断封锁，造成不能流通；交易机制滞后产生高昂成本与信任壁垒，加剧不善流通。挑战相互交织，系统性抑制了数据要素的市场化配置效率。为此，应构建以动态权属为核心的产权制度，建立以技术赋能为特征的安全保护范式，完善激励相容的事前事中竞争规制，打造分层分类的市场交易体系，统筹数据要素市场中的流通与保护，充分释放数据价值。

The value realization of marketization of data elements depends on data efficient circulation,yet the current institutional system struggles to coordinate the relationship between circulation and data protection. Ambiguous ownership rules prevent market entities from circulating data due to fear of unclear liability.The proliferation of security risks leads to a lack of trust,resulting in unwillingness to circulate. Disorderly competition causes data resources to be monopolized and locked down,making data circulation impossible.Outdated trading mechanisms generate high costs and trust barriers,exacerbating inefficient circulation. These intertwined challenges systematically inhibit the allocation efficiency of data elements in the marketization process. To address this,a property rights system centered on dynamic ownership should be established,a security protection paradigm characterized by technological empowerment should be created,incentive-compatible pre-market and in-market competition regulations should be improved,and a tiered and categorized market trading system should be developed. These measures aim to coordinate circulation and protection in the data element market,thereby fully unleashing the value of data.