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本研究采用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用(UPLC-MS)非靶向代谢组学技术，结合多元统计分析，系统比较了洄游型与陆封型马苏大麻哈鱼(Oncorhynchus masou)肌肉代谢物的组成差异。共鉴定出13类1958种代谢物，筛选出392种显著差异代谢物(VIP＞1，P＜0.05)，其中脂类及类脂分子占比最高(33.9%)，其次为有机酸及其衍生物(8.4%)。KEGG通路富集分析表明，洄游型个体的差异代谢物显著富集于氧化磷酸化、产热作用、氨基酸生物合成及脂肪酸代谢等通路，提示其通过增强脂质动员、氨基酸周转及能量生成效率适应高能耗的洄游行为；而陆封型个体则更多涉及嘌呤代谢及基础代谢途径，与其稳定的淡水环境及较低的能量需求相适应。本研究揭示了两种生态型在代谢水平上的显著分化，为理解马苏大麻哈鱼生态型进化的代谢调控机制提供了新见解，同时为其资源保护与可持续利用提供了理论依据。
Abstract：This study employed ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) based untargeted metabolomics combined with multivariate statistical analysis to systematically compare the muscle metabolite profiles between anadromous and landlocked forms of Masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou). A total of 1，958 metabolites from 13 classes were identified， with 392 significantly differential metabolites (VIP＞1，P＜0.05) screened， among which lipids and lipid-like molecules were the most abundant (33.9%)， followed by organic acids and derivatives (8.4%). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the differential metabolites in anadromous individuals were significantly enriched in pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation， thermogenesis， amino acid biosynthesis， and fatty acid metabolism， suggesting enhanced lipid mobilization， amino acid turnover， and energy production efficiency to support their high-energy-demanding migratory behavior. In contrast， landlocked individuals exhibited a greater involvement in purine metabolism and basic metabolic pathways， aligning with their stable freshwater habitat and lower energy requirements. This study highlights the significant metabolic divergence between the two ecotypes， providing new insights into the metabolic regulatory mechanisms underlying the ecological adaptation of masu salmon and offering a theoretical basis for their conservation and sustainable utilization.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:S917.4
引用信息:
[1]焦思琦,陈春山,李欣,等.基于非靶向代谢组学分析洄游型与陆封型马苏大麻哈鱼肌肉代谢差异[J].经济动物学报().
基金信息:
吉林省科技发展计划重点研发项目（20240303073NC）; 吉林水产产业技术体系项目（JLARS-2025-130101）
2025-11-06
2025-11-06
2025-11-06