经济动物学报

基因组DNA是进行分子育种的必要材料，利用毛囊提取基因组DNA是一种简单高效的方法。为比较不同提取方法、貉毛囊数及采样部位对基因组DNA提取效果的影响，明确通过毛囊提取貉基因组DNA的最优方案。选取40只不同年龄和不同性别的健康貉，分别从其背中部和尾部采集毛囊样本，采用离心柱法和磁珠法提取DNA，比较不同毛囊数和采样部位提取基因组DNA的效果。结果表明：离心柱法优于磁珠法，提取100根及以上貉毛囊可获得满足后续试验要求的基因组DNA，且采样部位对DNA提取质量无显著影响。研究结果为貉等毛皮动物基因组材料的获取提供科学方法，为貉遗传育种研究奠定基础。

Genomic DNA is one of the essential materials for molecular breeding, and using hair follicles to extract genomic DNA is a simple and efficient method. To compare the effects of different extraction methods, the number of raccoon dog hair follicles and sampling sites on the efficiency of genomic DNA extraction, with the aim of determining the optimal protocol for extracting genomic DNA from raccoon dog hair follicles, 40 healthy raccoon dogs of different ages and genders were selected. Hair follicle samples were collected from the mid-dorsal region and tail of each individual. DNA was extracted using the centrifugal column method and the magnetic bead method, and the efficiency of genomic DNA extraction was compared based on the number of hair follicles and sampling sites. The results showed that the centrifugal column method outperformed the magnetic bead method, and extracting 100 or more hair follicles could meet the requirements for subsequent experiments. Additionally, the sampling site had no significant impact on DNA extraction quality. The findings provide a scientific approach for obtaining genomic materials from fur-bearing animals such as raccoon dog and lay a foundation for genetic breeding research.