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北极狐作为我国特色毛皮动物养殖产业的重要品种，目前面临着种质资源退化的问题，雄性北极狐普遍出现精液品质下降、性欲减退等现象，导致群体受胎率下滑。这些繁殖障碍已严重拉低了北极狐的整体繁殖效率，成为制约产业可持续发展的关键因素。针对上述问题，营养调控策略因其操作简便、效果显著而受到广泛关注。其中，天然多酚化合物白藜芦醇，凭借其潜在的抗氧化与生殖调节功能，成为改善动物繁殖性能的研究热点。基于此，本试验旨在研究白藜芦醇对雄性北极狐精液品质及生殖器官发育的影响。选取40只7月龄育成公狐，随机分为对照组和三个试验组，分别在饲粮中添加0、10、50和100 mg/kg的白藜芦醇，饲喂75天。结果表明：与对照组相比，低、中剂量白藜芦醇能够线性提升北极狐的精液品质、血清生殖激素水平及精液/睾丸组织抗氧化酶活性，其中中剂量组（50 mg/kg）效果最优，显著提高了精子活力、密度、质膜完整率及促黄体激素、睾酮水平（P < 0.05），并降低精子畸形率（P < 0.05）。然而，高剂量组（100 mg/kg）虽部分指标仍优于对照组，但整体呈现回落趋势，多项指标显著低于中剂量组（P < 0.05），提示高剂量白藜芦醇可能诱发氧化应激。组织学观察显示，各试验组生精小管发育均优于对照组。综上，饲粮中添加适宜水平的白藜芦醇可通过提升激素水平和抗氧化能力改善北极狐精液品质，但效果存在剂量依赖性，以50 mg/kg添加量最为适宜，过量添加（100 mg/kg）可能导致收益递减甚至产生负面效应。
Abstract：As an important species in China's characteristic fur animal breeding industry， the Arctic fox is currently facing the problem of germplasm degeneration. Male Arctic foxes generally experience a decline in semen quality and libido， leading to a decrease in the conception rate of the population. These reproductive disorders have severely reduced the overall reproductive efficiency of Arctic foxes and become a key factor restricting the sustainable development of the industry. To address these issues， nutritional regulation strategies have received widespread attention due to their simple operation and significant effects. Among these， resveratrol， a natural polyphenolic compound， has become a research hotspot for improving animal reproductive performance due to its potential antioxidant and reproductive regulatory functions. Based on this， this experiment aimed to study the effects of resveratrol on semen quality and reproductive organ development in male Arctic foxes. Forty 7-month-old growing male foxes were selected and randomly divided into a control group and three experimental groups. They were fed diets supplemented with 0， 10， 50， and 100 mg/kg of resveratrol， respectively， for 75 days. The results showed that compared with the control group， low and medium doses of resveratrol linearly improved the semen quality， serum reproductive hormone levels， and antioxidant enzyme activities in semen/testicular tissue of Arctic foxes. The medium dose group (50 mg/kg) had the most significant effect， significantly increasing sperm motility， density， plasma membrane integrity rate， as well as luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels (P < 0.05)， while reducing the sperm abnormality rate (P < 0.05). However， although some indicators in the high-dose group (100 mg/kg) were still better than those in the control group， the overall trend showed a decline， with multiple indicators being significantly lower than those in the medium-dose group (P < 0.05)， suggesting that a high dose of resveratrol might induce oxidative stress. Histological observation showed that the development of seminiferous tubules in all experimental groups was superior to that in the control group. In conclusion， dietary supplementation with an appropriate level of resveratrol can improve the semen quality of Arctic foxes by enhancing hormone levels and antioxidant capacity. However， the effect is dose-dependent， with 50 mg/kg being the most suitable dosage. Excessive addition (100 mg/kg) may lead to diminishing returns or even negative effects.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:S865.23
引用信息:
[1]马黎民,段富文,刘子健,等.日粮中添加白藜芦醇对雄性北极狐繁殖机能的影响[J].经济动物学报().
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD1302000）
2026-03-18
2026-03-18
2026-03-18