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线粒体是真核细胞重要的细胞器，其主要功能包括能量代谢、氧化应激、天然免疫信号转导等，因此维持其功能稳态对细胞存活至关重要。大量研究表明，病毒会通过编码特异性蛋白、劫持或干扰宿主通路等方式靶向干扰线粒体功能，进而影响病毒复制与宿主病理进程。本文围绕病毒感染过程中出现的线粒体损伤类型，包括线粒体膜电位下降、活性氧累积异常、质量控制体系紊乱及能量代谢重编程等表型变化，并重点剖析不同病毒在调控线粒体损伤过程中的共性特征与个体差异。本综述为深入理解病毒致病机制提供理论参考，也为靶向线粒体抗病毒药物研发与临床应用奠定基础。
Abstract：Mitochondria are vital organelles in eukaryotic cells， with primary functions including energy metabolism， oxidative stress， and innate immune signaling; therefore， maintaining their functional homeostasis is critical for cell survival. Extensive research has shown that viruses specifically target and disrupt mitochondrial function by encoding specific proteins， hijacking， or interfering with host pathways， thereby influencing viral replication and the host pathological process. This article focuses on the types of mitochondrial damage that occur during viral infection， including phenotypic changes such as decreased mitochondrial membrane potential， abnormal accumulation of reactive oxygen species， disruption of the quality control system， and energy metabolism reprogramming. It also highlights the common features and individual differences among various viruses in regulating mitochondrial damage. This review provides a theoretical framework for a deeper understanding of viral pathogenic mechanisms and lays the groundwork for the development and clinical application of mitochondria-targeted antiviral drugs.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:S855.3
引用信息:
[1]赵祎星,周泓名,王丽华,等.病毒感染诱导线粒体损伤机制研究进展[J].经济动物学报().
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目（32573352）; 吉林省科技厅项目（YDZJ202502CXJD077）
2026-04-16
2026-04-16
2026-04-16