经济动物学报

为了解山东省兔冠状病毒（RbCoV）流行性情况及流行株特征，对RbCoV在中国山东地区的规模化养殖场进行采样、RT-PCR检测及测序、流行株遗传变异分析。结果显示：山东地区兔场RbCoV的总阳性率为49%，10个场区家兔养殖场RbCoV阳性率在0～100%；扩增获得3株RbCoV的结构基因（血凝素/酯酶 （HE）蛋白、跨膜 （M）蛋白和小膜 （E）蛋白、核衣壳（N）蛋白），3株流行株均与其他RbCoV毒株的同源性为98.66%～99.46%，与国内HKU14株的亲缘关系最近。研究结果可为山东地区家兔RbCoV的流行病学、分子特性及防控研究提供参考。

To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of rabbit coronavirus (RbCoV) in Shandong Province， China， we conducted large-scale sampling， RT-PCR detection， sequencing， and genetic variation analysis of epidemic strains in RbCoV breeding plants. Our findings revealed a total positive rate of 49% for RbCoV in Shandong's rabbit farms， with positive rates ranging from 0 to 100% across 10 breeding farms. We successfully amplified three RbCoV strains to obtain their structural genes， including the hemagglutinin/esterase (HE) protein， transmembrane (M) protein， small membrane (E) protein， and nucleocapsid (N) protein. Genetic analysis showed that these three epidemic strains shared 98.66% to 99.46% homology with other RbCoV strains， indicating a close genetic relationship with the domestic HKU14 strain. These results offer valuable insights into the epidemiology， molecular characteristics， and prevention and control measures for RbCoV in rabbits in the Shandong region.