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本试验旨在比较驴乳、骆驼乳和马乳的营养成分组成及含量差异，解析不同特色乳的营养特征，为特色乳的科学开发与利用提供参考依据。采用特定方法检测驴乳、骆驼乳和马乳中常规营养成分，包括水分、非脂乳固体、灰分、乳蛋白、乳脂、乳糖、钙和维生素D含量，并比较不同乳之间的营养成分差异。结果表明，不同物种乳的营养成分存在明显差异。驴乳水分含量显著高于马乳和骆驼乳（P＜0.05），马乳显著高于骆驼乳（P＜0.05）；马乳非脂乳固体含量显著高于驴乳（P＜0.05），骆驼乳处于两者之间，与驴乳和马乳差异均不显著。骆驼乳灰分、乳蛋白和乳脂含量均显著高于驴乳和马乳（P＜0.05），其中马乳乳脂含量显著高于驴乳（P＜0.05），而驴乳与马乳乳蛋白含量差异不显著。乳糖含量方面，马乳显著高于骆驼乳（P＜0.05），驴乳与马乳及骆驼乳差异均不显著。矿物质方面，驴乳钙含量显著高于骆驼乳和马乳（P＜0.05），而骆驼乳与马乳差异不显著。维生素D含量表现为驴乳最高，其次为骆驼乳，马乳最低，三者之间差异均显著（P＜0.05）。总体来看，骆驼乳富含灰分、乳蛋白和乳脂，驴乳具有较高的水分、钙和维生素D水平，马乳则表现出较高的非脂乳固体和乳糖含量。研究结果揭示了三种特色乳在营养组成上的差异，可为其营养评价与开发利用提供理论依据。
Abstract：Donkey milk， camel milk and mare milk are important specialty milk resources， but their nutritional compositions differ considerably among species. This study was conducted to compare the contents of major nutritional components in donkey milk， camel milk and mare milk， and to clarify their respective nutritional characteristics. The contents of moisture， non-fat milk solids， ash， milk protein， milk fat， lactose， calcium and vitamin D in the three kinds of milk were determined by corresponding analytical methods， and the differences among species were further compared. The results showed that the moisture content in donkey milk was significantly higher than that in mare milk and camel milk， and that in mare milk was significantly higher than that in camel milk (P<0.05). The content of non-fat milk solids in mare milk was significantly higher than that in donkey milk (P<0.05)， while camel milk showed no significant difference from donkey milk or mare milk. The ash， milk protein and milk fat contents in camel milk were significantly higher than those in donkey milk and mare milk (P<0.05). The milk fat content in mare milk was significantly higher than that in donkey milk (P<0.05)， whereas no significant difference was observed in milk protein content between donkey milk and mare milk. The lactose content in mare milk was significantly higher than that in camel milk (P<0.05)， while donkey milk showed no significant difference from mare milk or camel milk. The calcium content in donkey milk was significantly higher than that in camel milk and mare milk (P<0.05)， whereas no significant difference was found between camel milk and mare milk. The vitamin D content was the highest in donkey milk， followed by camel milk and mare milk， and the differences among the three kinds of milk were significant (P<0.05). In conclusion， camel milk was characterized by relatively high contents of ash， milk protein and milk fat， donkey milk was characterized by relatively high contents of moisture， calcium and vitamin D， and mare milk was characterized by relatively high contents of non-fat milk solids and lactose. This study provides a reference for the nutritional evaluation and further development of specialty milk resources.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:S879.1
引用信息:
[1]木颖琦,米丽娟,冯玉龙,等.马乳、驴乳和骆驼乳中常规营养成分含量的比较研究[J].经济动物学报().
基金信息:
国家重点研发专项乳用型地方品种马高效养殖模式研究及示范推广(2024YFD1300500); 河北省现代农业产业技术体系驴马鹿高效养殖与综合利用岗位（HBCT2024280203）; 校企合作驴精准营养与健康养殖项目(CRP-DE-2025-268); 校企合作横向课题（W11）
2026-04-26
2026-04-26
2026-04-26