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中蜂蜂囊状幼虫病毒(Chinese sacbrood virus,CSBV)是引发中华蜜蜂(Apisceranacerana)病毒病的主要病原,蜜蜂病毒病的流行与爆发与蜜蜂个体病毒携带量密切关联。通过对照经不同生物因子(蜂群群势、寄生大蜂螨数量、东西方蜜蜂混合群哺育饲)与非生物因子(不同羽化温度)处理前后试验蜂群工蜂样本CSBV浓度动态变化,揭示导致蜜蜂病毒病流行与爆发发生的诱因,用以指导养蜂生产进行中蜂囊状幼虫病的防控。结果显示:强群势蜜蜂表现出明显的抵抗病毒病能力,寄生大螨虫数量与蜜蜂体内CSBV拷贝量正相关,混合群哺育处理的羽化工蜂CSBV拷贝量显著增加。不适羽化温度不仅会导致蜜蜂体内CSBV浓度极显著增加,且工蜂羽化率明显降低。通过提升中华蜜蜂群势,降低大蜂螨寄生率,减少与西方蜜蜂接触和对幼虫脾进行保温均可有效预防中蜂囊状幼虫病的流行与发生,本研究为中蜂囊状幼虫病的防控提供了研究基础和理论依据。
Abstract:As the major virus, Chinese sacbrood virus (CSBV) induce honeybees (Apis ceranacerana) population loss significant long term. The prevalence of bee viral diseases is correlated with virus load of honeybee colony.Worker bee (A. c,cerena) was dealt wth in three biological factors (colony population, number of parasitic Varroa destructor, mixed feeding by Eastern and Western honeybees) and an abiotic factor (different emergence temperatures). The CSBV titer of worker bees were tested in fluorescence quantitative PCR. The experimental data shows that strong colony has significant resistance to CSBV than weak colony. The number of parasitic mites is positively correlated with the CSBV titer of bee samples. The CSBVamount of workers which live in Western honeybee colonies grow significantly increases. Emergence temperature fluctuation not only stress significantly increases the CSBV concentration of worker bee, but also sharply reduces the emergence rate of workers. The experimental proved that beekeeper of Chinese honey bee can prevent CSBV in maintaining strong colony population, reducing the parasitism rate of varroa mite and dividing with Western honeybee colonies. Optimal emergence temperature of bee also improve colony and prevent CSBV effectively.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:S895.133
引用信息:
[1]周云倩,龚沛勋,董坤,等.4个影响中蜂囊状幼虫病毒动态复制关联因子[J].经济动物学报().
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(31560667); 云南省国际科技特派员项目(202203AK140020); 国家现代蜂产业技术体系项目(CARS-44-kxj13)
2024-06-11
2024-06-11
2024-06-11