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慢性乙型肝炎（Chronic hepatitis B, CHB）是常见的一种肝脏慢性炎症性疾病，因持续感染乙型肝炎病毒（Hepatitis B virus, HBV）所致，随着病情的进一步发展，极易演变为肝硬化、肝癌等严重后果，危及生命安全。对于此病的治疗，功能性治愈是理想治疗目标，涉及病毒学治愈、免疫学治愈。其中，病毒学治愈指机体在无需抗病毒治疗情况下，能够彻底清除体内病毒，并且各类病毒学检测长期维持阴性；免疫学治愈指机体病毒未彻底清除，但是自身免疫系统能够通过免疫应答持续控制病毒复制，使其维持在检测不到的水平，同时阻止病毒引发的炎症损伤和疾病进展。但就目前而言，病毒学治愈仍然面临着较大的挑战，究其原因与现有HBV药物无法直接作用于cccDNA等有关，故免疫学治愈就成为了治疗CHB的现实目标，旨在减轻或缓解病情，降低肝细胞癌（Hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC）风险，延长患者的生存期。本文主要围绕慢性乙型肝炎功能性治愈研究现状进行了综述。
Abstract：Chronic hepatitis B(CHB) is a common chronic inflammatory liver disease caused by persistent infection with hepatitis B virus(HBV). With disease progression, CHB may readily develop into liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and other severe outcomes that seriously threaten patient survival. Functional cure is considered an ideal therapeutic goal for CHB and encompasses both virological cure and immunological cure. Virological cure refers to the complete eradication of HBV in the absence of ongoing antiviral therapy, with sustained negativity of all virological markers over the long term. Immunological cure, by contrast, indicates that although the virus is not completely eliminated, the host immune system is able to maintain durable control of viral replication through effective immune responses, keeping HBV at undetectable levels while preventing virus-induced inflammatory injury and disease progression. At present, achieving virological cure remains highly challenging, largely because existing anti-HBV therapies cannot directly target covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA). Consequently, immunological cure has become a more realistic and attainable therapeutic objective in the management of CHB, aiming to mitigate disease severity, reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), and prolong patient survival. This review summarizes the current research progress on functional cure strategies for chronic hepatitis B.
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中图分类号:R512.62
引用信息:
[1]吕会,王艺,郑左红.慢性乙型肝炎功能性治愈的研究现状[J].病毒学报().
2026-02-11
2026-02-11
2026-02-11