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目的研究2024年中国四川省广安市手足口病（Hand, foot and mouth disease, HFMD）病原谱，并分析HFMD的遗传演变，从而为该地区HFMD防控工作提供基础数据和科学依据。方法 采集2024年四川广安符合手足口病定义的病例的咽拭子样本。采用荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, qPCR）对这些样本进行肠道病毒（Enterovirus , EV）筛查。对EV阳性样本的核酸通过聚合酶链式反应（Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR）扩增其VP1基因，进行测序、分型及系统发育分析。结果 共收集HFMD病例咽拭子94例，EV阳性率76.6%(72/94)。使用肠道病毒通用分型引物，成功分型60例，其中5例Coxsackievirus A4(CVA4,5/60,8.3%),4例Coxsackievirus A5(CVA5,4/60,6.7%),24例Coxsackievirus A10(CVA10,24/60,40%),26例Coxsackievirus A16(CVA16,26/60,43.3%),1例Echovirus B25(E25,1/60,1.7%)。完整扩增VP1基因22株，其中1株为CVA4毒株（D型），1株CVA5毒株（D型），7株CVA16毒株（4株B1a,3株B1c）,13株CVA10毒株（C2型）。结论 2024年四川省广安市人民医院就诊HFMD患儿中，主要病原体为CVA16，其次为CVA10;CVA16主要流行株为B1a和B1c型，CVA10主要流行株为C2型。本研究为单中心研究，相关结果仅反映本院就诊患儿的病原学特征，尚不能完全代表广安市全市手足口病的流行特点。未来需在本地区持续开展多中心、大范围的HFMD病原监测，进一步明确当地流行株分布规律，为防控提供依据。
Abstract：Objective To investigate the pathogen spectrum of hand, foot, and mouth disease(HFMD) in Guang'an, Sichuan Province, China, in 2024 and to characterize the genetic evolution of circulating enteroviruses, providing evidence for local HFMD prevention and control. Methods Pharyngeal swab samples were collected from clinically diagnosed HFMD cases in Guang'an in 2024. Samples were screened for enterovirus(EV) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR). VP1 genes from EV-positive samples were amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and subsequently subjected to sequencing, genotyping, and phylogenetic analysis. Results A total of 94 pharyngeal swab samples were collected from HFMD cases, with an EV positivity rate of 76.6%(72/94). Using universal enterovirus typing primers, 60 samples were successfully genotyped, including 5 Coxsackievirus A4(CVA4, 8.3%), 4 Coxsackievirus A5(CVA5, 6.7%), 24 Coxsackievirus A10(CVA10, 40.0%), 26 Coxsackievirus A16(CVA16, 43.3%), and 1 Echovirus 25(E25, 1.7%). Complete VP1 gene sequences were obtained from 22 strains, including 1 CVA4 strain(genotype D), 1 CVA5 strain(genotype D), 7 CVA16 strains(4 B1a and 3 B1c subgenotypes), and 13 CVA10 strains(genotype C2). Conclusion Among HFMD cases treated at Guang'an People's Hospital in 2024, CVA16 was the predominant pathogen, followed by CVA10. The main circulating lineages were B1a and B1c for CVA16 and genotype C2 for CVA10. As this study was conducted at a single center, the findings reflect only the etiological characteristics of patients attending this hospital and may not fully represent the epidemiological pattern of HFMD across Guang'an. Continuous multi-center surveillance is needed to better understand the distribution of circulating strains and support evidence-based HFMD prevention and control strategies.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.260045
中图分类号:R373.2
引用信息:
[1]刘轩,尹柳,陈毅,等.2024年四川省广安市HFMD病原谱及基因进化分析[J].病毒学报,2026,42(02):371-380.DOI:10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.260045.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划（项目号：2023YFC2306002）,题目：重要病毒关键突变位点功能分子机制研究;国家重点研发计划（项目号：2023YFC2308204）,题目：基于“整体观”的复方中药抗病毒感染性疾病中的作用机理研究;国家重点研发计划（项目号：2023YFC2308201）,题目：病毒感染性疾病体内外模型的建立及复方中药筛选研究~~
2026-03-10
2026-03-10
2026-03-10