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通过观测中子与样品相互作用后的能量和动量变化，中子散射技术已成为研究物质晶体结构、磁结构以及动力学等问题不可或缺的手段。本文详细介绍了历经六年建设完成的冷中子三轴极化谱仪“行知”和冷中子广谱谱仪“博雅”的主要设计特点和技术参数。文中展示了S型超反射镜中子极化器(S-bender)在“行知”上的应用和测试结果，这种在三轴谱仪样品后端和前端同时使用S-bender进行极化中子实验在国际上属于首例。“博雅”在分析器设计方面独创性地采用单晶双列罗兰几何圆阵列，既优化能量分辨率又提高信号强度，同时能够探测119°范围内的34个动量转移下的激发谱，每个分析探测通道包含5个固定能量和一个衍射模式测量，探测效率比传统的三轴谱仪提高两个数量级。本文最后，结合在“行知”和“博雅”上开展的部分实验案例和数据分析，探讨在凝聚态物理前沿的非常规超导材料、量子自旋液体候选材料、多铁材料、低维磁性材料等领域的应用。
Abstract：Neutron scattering is a powerful technique for investigating crystal structure, magnetic structure and microscopic dynamical properties by analyzing the energy and momentum transfers between incident neutrons and the sample. This paper presents the key design specifications and technical parameters of two advanced neutron inelastic scattering instruments, developed over six years: XINGZHI cold neutron triple-axis spectrometer with polarization analysis, and BOYA multiplexing cold neutron spectrometer.”For “XINGZHI,” the implementation and test results of the S-bender supermirror neutron polarizer are presented, which marks the first use of S-benders both before and after the sample position on a triple-axis spectrometer for polarized neutron experiments. Meanwhile, “BOYA” features an innovative crystal double-column Rowland focusing analyzer design that optimizes energy resolution and enhances signal intensity. This spectrometer can simultaneously map excitation spectra across 34 momentum transfers within a 119° scattering angle range. Each analyzer channel includes five fixed final energy levels, plus an elastic diffraction channel, achieving a detection efficiency two orders of magnitude higher than that of conventional triple-axis spectrometers.Finally, experimental studies and data analyses conducted using “XINGZHI” and “BOYA” will investigate applications in condensed matter physics, focusing on topics such as unconventional superconductors, quantum spin liquid candidates, multiferroic materials, and low-dimensional magnetic systems.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:TL817.3
引用信息:
[1]张红霞,徐大业,刘娟娟,等.冷中子非弹性散射谱仪“行知”和“博雅”的建设、调试和运行[J].物理与工程,2025,35(04):285-296.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金国家重大科研仪器设备研制专项项目(NO.11227906);国家自然科学基金NSAF联合基金项目(NO.U2030106)