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物理习题是物理教学和学生实践活动的重要形式，是将思想政治工作贯穿于教学全过程的不可或缺的重要环节。如何通过习题提升课程目标的达成度，优化习题教学策略是关键。本文以均匀带电球面上的场强计算为例，探讨了如何通过一题多解有效融入思政元素。借助开放性习题，学生通过调研扩宽了视角，在此基础上进行归纳、整合、类比、独立思考进而质疑、建立物理模型、提出观点并论证。这一教学过程培养了学生多维度发散思维的能力，厘清物理概念、灵活运用数学工具的能力，以及看问题的辩证性和科学性。学生的学科融合和科学素养得到了提升，实现了专业教育与思想教育的协同共进。
Abstract：Physics exercises are an important form of physics teaching and student practical activities. It is an indispensable and important part of consolidating ideological and political work into the entire teaching process. Optimizing teaching strategies for exercises is crucial for achieving course objectives. Taking the calculation of field strength on a uniformly charged sphere as an example, this paper explores how to effectively integrate ideological and political elements through multiple solutions to a typical problem. With open-ended exercises, students have broadened their perspectives based on literature researches. On this basis, they have conducted induction, integration, analogy, independent thinking and questioning, established physical models, put forward viewpoints and arguments. This has cultivated students' ability to think in a multi-dimensional and divergent manner, the ability to clarify physical concepts and flexibly apply mathematical tools; and the ability dialectically and scientifically consider problems while problem-solving. The interdisciplinary integration and scientific literacy of students have been improved, achieving the coordinated advancement of professional education and ideological education.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:O4-4;G641
引用信息:
[1]刘丽华,邱红梅.思政加持的开放性习题的解题策略——以均匀带电球面上的场强的计算为例[J].物理与工程,2025,35(01):79-86.
基金信息:
北京科技大学教育教学改革与研究项目(JG2023M35,JG2023ZD06,JG2021Z05,JG2016M41)